Tumour mutational burden and survival with molecularly matched therapy - Peeref (2024)

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Review Pathology

Tumour mutational burden: an overview for pathologists

Kenneth D. Doig, Andrew Fellowes, Prudence Scott, Stephen B. Fox

Summary: Cancer immunotherapy shows promise but its effects vary among patients and tumor types. Objective diagnostic biomarkers are needed to predict patient responses to immunotherapies. Tumor mutational burden (TMB) is one such biomarker that can stratify patients for response to immune checkpoint inhibitor therapies.

Article Oncology

Molecular tumour board at European Institute of Oncology: Report of the first three year activity of an Italian precision oncology experience

Matteo Repetto, Edoardo Crimini, Luca Boscolo Bielo, Elena Guerini-Rocco, Liliana Ascione, Andrea Bonfanti, Cristina Zanzottera, Luca Mazzarella, Alberto Ranghiero, Carmen Belli, Carmen Criscitiello, Angela Esposito, Massimo C. P. Barberis, Giuseppe Curigliano

Summary: Precision oncology aims to improve clinical outcomes by personalizing treatment options for cancer patients. Utilizing ESCAT allows evidence-based evaluation of genomic findings for treatment selection. Molecular tumor boards provide the multidisciplinary expertise necessary for ESCAT evaluation and strategic treatment choice.

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Molecular Tumour Board (MTB): From Standard Therapy to Precision Medicine

Zelmira Ballatore, Francesco Bozzi, Sara Cardea, Francesco Domenico Savino, Antonella Migliore, Valentina Tarantino, Natalia Chiodi, Elisa Ambrosini, Francesca Bianchi, Gaia Goteri, Alessandra Filosa, Francesca Barbisan, Elisa Bartoli, Roberto Papa, Rossana Berardi

Summary: The study aims to personalize treatment approaches for metastatic cancer patients by using molecular profiling to determine precise medical goals and promote targeted therapy strategies among patients. Through collaboration in the Molecular Tumour Board, we have successfully established a multidisciplinary team in Italy that provides personalized treatment recommendations to referred patients using molecular testing.

Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Mutational spectrum and precision oncology for biliary tract carcinoma

Jianzhen Lin, Yinghao Cao, Xu Yang, Guangyu Li, Yang Shi, Dongxu Wang, Junyu Long, Yang Song, Jinzhu Mao, Fucun Xie, Yi Bai, Lei Zhang, Xiaobo Yang, Xueshuai Wan, Anqiang Wang, Mei Guan, Lin Zhao, Ke Hu, Jie Pan, Li Huo, Xin Lu, Yilei Mao, Xinting Sang, Henghui Zhang, Kai Wang, Xiaoyue Wang, Haitao Zhao

Summary: The study revealed extensive genomic diversity and heterogeneity among biliary tract carcinoma (BTC) patients, with different gene mutations having varying impacts on patient prognosis. Personalized targeted therapies showed significant efficacy in patients with potentially actionable targets, providing a basis for further clinical trials.

Review Medicine, General & Internal

Clinical utility of tumour mutational burden on efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in malignant solid tumours: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis

Xuemei Xiang, Yunming Li, Xiaoguang Yang, Wang Guo, Pengfei Zhou

Summary: This study aims to evaluate the predictive value of tumour mutation burden (TMB) in the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). The study will compare the efficacy of ICIs between patients with high TMB and low TMB, and assess their impact on overall survival, progression-free survival, and objective response rate. Subgroup analysis, sensitivity analysis, heterogeneity analysis, and publication bias will also be conducted.

Article Oncology

Mutational analysis of microsatellite-stable gastrointestinal cancer with high tumour mutational burden: a retrospective cohort study

Jingyuan Wang, Joanne Xiu, Alex Farrell, Yasmine Baca, Hiroyuki Arai, Francesca Battaglin, Natsuko Kawanishi, Shivani Soni, Wu Zhang, Joshua Millstein, Anthony F. Shields, Axel Grothey, Benjamin A. Weinberg, John L. Marshall, Emil Lou, Moh'd Khushman, Davendra P. S. Sohal, Michael J. Hall, Tianshu Liu, Matthew Oberley, David Spetzler, W. Michael Korn, Lin Shen, Heinz-Josef Lenz

Summary: This study aimed to characterize the genomic features of microsatellite stable (MSS) tumors with high tumor mutational burden (TMB-H) that are independent of mismatch repair deficiency (dMMR) or microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) status. The results showed that mutations in certain genes might impair the antitumor immune response despite TMB-H, while mutations in other genes were related to TMB-H with enhanced antitumor immune response. These findings are important for tailoring treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Article Health Care Sciences & Services

The impact of the multi-disciplinary molecular tumour board and integrative next generation sequencing on clinical outcomes in advanced solid tumours

Aya El Helali, Tai-Chung Lam, Elaine Yee-Ling Ko, David J. H. Shih, Chun Kau Chan, Charlene H. L. Wong, Jason W. H. Wong, Lydia W. T. Cheung, Johnny K. S. Lau, Anthony P. Y. Liu, Ann S. Y. Chan, Herbert H. Loong, Stephen Tak Sum Lam, Godfrey Chi-Fung Chan, Victor H. F. Lee, Kwok Keung Yuen, Wai-Tong Ng, Anne W. M. Lee, Edmond S. K. Ma

Summary: This study investigated the feasibility of the HKU-HKSH Multi-disciplinary Molecular Tumour Board (MTB) in determining genome-guided therapy for treatment-refractory solid cancers in Hong Kong. The results showed that MTB-guided treatment positively impacted patients' overall survival, illustrating the applicability of next-generation sequencing comprehensive gene profiling (CGP) in real-world clinical practice.

Article Oncology

Implementing precision oncology for sarcoma patients: the CCC(LMU)molecular tumor board experience

Luc M. Berclaz, Anton Burkhard-Meier, Philipp Lange, Dorit Di Gioia, Michael Schmidt, Thomas Knoesel, Frederick Klauschen, Michael von Bergwelt-Baildon, Volker Heinemann, Philipp A. Greif, C. Benedikt Westphalen, Kathrin Heinrich, Lars H. Lindner

Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of routine molecular profiling on the treatment of patients with bone and soft tissue sarcomas (BS/STS) in a German sarcoma center. The study included 92 patients who underwent comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) and were discussed in a molecular tumor board (MTB). Results showed that at least one molecular alteration was found in approximately 82.6% of patients, and treatment recommendations were given accordingly. Evaluations of actionable molecular targeted therapies were made, and 31.2% of patients benefited from the therapy.

Review Pediatrics

Progress in precision therapy in pediatric oncology

Tara O'Donohue, Sameer Farouk Sait, Julia Glade Bender

Summary: This review discusses the advancements in precision medicine and cancer genomics in pediatric oncology, highlighting the advantages and limitations of common molecular profiling techniques and novel platforms. It also explores the utility of large-scale molecular profiling and the feasibility of matching targeted therapies to patients. The ongoing challenges in implementing precision medicine approaches are identified, such as defining clinical actionability, optimizing trial design, expanding access to targeted therapies, and validating new tools and technology.

Review Oncology

Mutational Landscape and Precision Medicine in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Leva Gorji, Zachary J. Brown, Timothy M. Pawlik

Summary: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common malignancy with increasing incidence globally. Existing treatments for HCC have a poor prognosis with high recurrence and mortality rates. Precision medicine and genetic analysis have the potential to improve individualized management of HCC by identifying unique tumor mutations and biomarkers. This review summarizes the role of precision medicine in the treatment of HCC by targeting molecular mutations and tumor biomarkers.

Article Oncology

EGFR, the Lazarus target for precision oncology in glioblastoma

Benjamin Lin, Julia Ziebro, Erin Smithberger, Kasey R. Skinner, Eva Zhao, Timothy F. Cloughesy, Zev A. Binder, Donald M. O'Rourke, David A. Nathanson, Frank B. Furnari, C. Ryan Miller

Summary: This article discusses the unique biology of EGFR in GBM, the challenges in treatment, and how they have influenced past and present EGFR-targeted therapeutic design and clinical trials. It also explores the adjustments needed to exploit EGFR in this disease.

Review Engineering, Biomedical

Patient-derived Tumour Organoids: A Bridge between Cancer Biology and Personalised Therapy

Wence Wu, Xiaoyang Li, Shengji Yu

Summary: Patient-derived tumour organoids (PDOs) have revolutionized our understanding of cancer biology and personalized therapies. They can consistently replicate and maintain the genomic, proteomic, and morphological characteristics of parental tumors. PDOs, along with their extended biobanks, are representative preclinical models that can rapidly translate relevant scientific findings into personalized therapies.

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Preliminary evaluation of deep learning for first-line diagnostic prediction of tumor mutational status

Louis-Oscar Morel, Valentin Derangere, Laurent Arnould, Sylvain Ladoire, Nathan Vincon

Summary: The detection of tumour gene mutations through DNA or RNA sequencing is crucial for effective targeted therapies. New deep learning methods on histopathological images show promising results for tumoral mutational status prediction. However, it is still uncertain whether these methods can be used for efficient population diagnosis aside from sequencing.

Article Oncology

Heterogeneity of tumour mutational burden in metastatic NSCLC demonstrated by endobronchial ultrasound sampling

Tracy L. Leong, Christian Aloe, Savreet Aujla, Hao Wang, Velimir Gayevskiy, Marie-Liesse Asselin-Labat, Lesley-Ann Gray, Daniel Steinfort, Steven Bozinovski

Summary: This study examined the correlation of tumour mutational burden (TMB) values between primary and metastatic sites in advanced lung cancer patients. The results showed a strong correlation in most cases, but certain samples displayed inconsistency, emphasizing the importance of personalized management based on distinct tumour regions.

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Multiomics analysis of tumor mutational burden across cancer types

Lin Li, Long Bai, Huan Lin, Lin Dong, Rumeng Zhang, Xiao Cheng, Zexian Liu, Yi Ouyang, Keshuo Ding

Summary: The study analyzed TMB across 21 cancer types and found a significant relationship between TMB and prognosis, with different relationships observed in different tumors. TMB may be associated with outcomes for different tumor subtypes and is correlated with clinical information.

Article Oncology

Depth of response of induction therapy and consecutive maintenance treatment in patients with RAS wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer: An analysis of the PanaMa trial (AIO KRK 0212)

Greta Sommerhauser, Annika Kurreck, Alexander Beck, Uli Fehrenbach, Meinolf Karthaus, Stefan Fruehauf, Ullrich Graeven, Lothar Mueller, Alexander O. Koenig, Ludwig F. v. Weikersthal, Eray Goekkurt, Siegfried Haas, Arndt Stahler, Volker Heinemann, Swantje Held, Annabel H. S. Alig, Stefan Kasper, Sebastian Stintzing, Tanja Trarbach, Dominik P. Modest

Summary: Depth of response (DpR) is an important end-point in clinical trials for patients with RAS wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer. This study investigated the overall DpR and its impact on prognosis and prediction in patients receiving induction therapy followed by maintenance therapy. The results showed that DpR to induction therapy was prognostic but not predictive for the efficacy of consecutive maintenance therapy.

Review Oncology

Rechallenge with anti-EGFR therapy to extend the continuum of care in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer

Chiara Cremolini, Clara Montagut, Philippe Ronga, Filippo Venturini, Kensei Yamaguchi, Sebastian Stintzing, Alberto Sobrero

Summary: For patients with RAS wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), combination therapy with anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) monoclonal antibodies and chemotherapy is a standard first-line treatment option. Evidence suggests that anti-EGFR-resistant clones can decay after initial treatment, allowing for potential rechallenge or reintroduction in later treatment lines. Recent clinical studies have shown durable responses in some mCRC patients rechallenged with anti-EGFR monoclonal antibodies. This review summarizes the molecular rationale for rechallenge, examines the use of liquid biopsy for selecting rechallenge as a therapeutic option, and provides an overview of published and ongoing trials in this field.

Article Oncology

Geriatric assessment and the variance of treatment recommendations in geriatric patients with gastrointestinal cancerda study in AIO oncologists

M. Buettelmann, R. D. Hofheinz, A. Kroecher, U. Ubbelohde, S. Stintzing, A. Reinacher-Schick, M. Bornhaeuser, G. Folprecht

Summary: Geriatric assessment (GA) has limited influence on treatment recommendations for elderly cancer patients, highlighting the need for further research and education in this area.

Review Oncology

European expert panel consensus on the clinical management of BRAFV600E-mutant metastatic colorectal cancer

Erika Martinelli, Dirk Arnold, Andres Cervantes, Sebastian Stintzing, Eric Van Cutsem, Josep Tabernero, Julien Taieb, Harpreet Wasan, Fortunato Ciardiello

Summary: This article reviews the current knowledge and consensus management on the clinical management of BRAFV600E-mutant metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). The treatment landscape for this specific type of mCRC has changed greatly due to the emergence of molecular targeted therapies and immune checkpoint inhibitors. Tumor tissue analysis for DNA mismatch repair/microsatellite status and KRAS, NRAS, and BRAF mutational status is mandatory for appropriate clinical management and treatment decisions.

Article Oncology

Optimal maintenance strategy following FOLFOX plus anti-EGFR induction therapy in patients with RAS wild type metastatic colorectal cancer: An individual patient data pooled analysis of randomised clinical trials

Alessandra Raimondi, Federico Nichetti, Arndt Stahler, Harpreet S. Wasan, Enrique Aranda, Giovanni Randon, Annika Kurreck, Angela M. Meade, Eduardo Diaz-Rubio, Monica Niger, Sebastian Stintzing, Federica Palermo, Tanja Trarbach, Michele Prisciandaro, Greta Sommerhauser, David Fisher, Federica Morano, Filippo Pietrantonio, Dominik P. Modest

Summary: This study analyzed the data from four randomized phase II trials and supported the use of 5-FU/LV plus anti-EGFR as the preferred maintenance regimen. The results also suggested an individualized approach to maintenance treatment based on tumor and patient characteristics.

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Next Generation CD44v6-Specific CAR-NK Cells Effective against Triple Negative Breast Cancer

Martin J. Raftery, Alexander Sebastian Franzen, Clarissa Radecke, Abdelhadi Boulifa, Guenther Schoenrich, Sebastian Stintzing, Jens-Uwe Blohmer, Gabriele Pecher

Summary: There is a medical need to develop new and effective therapies against triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). We have developed a next-generation CAR targeting CD44v6 that incorporates IL-15 superagonist and checkpoint inhibitor molecules. CD44v6 CAR-NK cells demonstrated effective cytotoxicity against TNBC in 3D spheroid models and were resistant to immunosuppression by the tumor microenvironment.

Article Computer Science, Information Systems

Creation of a structured molecular genomics report for Germany as a local adaption of HL7's Genomic Reporting Implementation Guide

Caroline Stellmach, Julian Sass, Bernd Auber, Martin Boeker, Thomas Wienker, Andrew J. Heidel, Manuela Benary, Simon Schumacher, Stephan Ossowski, Frederick Klauschen, Yvonne Moeller, Rita Schmutzler, Arsenij Ustjanzew, Patrick Werner, Aurelie Tomczak, Thimo Hoelter, Sylvia Thun

Summary: The objective of this study was to develop a dataset definition, information model, and FHIR specification for key data elements in a German MolGen report. A core dataset of 76 data elements was created and a FHIR specification with 16 profiles was developed. This report can serve as a template for creating a standard format for unstructured genomic report data.

Letter Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

The German Network for Personalized Medicine to enhance patient care and translational research

A. L. Illert, A. Stenzinger, M. Bitzer, P. Horak, V. I. Gaidzik, Y. Moeller, J. Beha, Oe Oener, F. Schmitt, S. Lassmann, S. Ossowski, C. P. Schaaf, M. Hallek, T. H. Bruemmendorf, P. Albers, T. Fehm, P. Brossart, H. Glimm, D. Schadendorf, A. Bleckmann, C. H. Brandts, I Esposito, E. Mack, C. Peters, C. Bokemeyer, S. Froehling, T. Kindler, H. Alguel, V Heinemann, H. Doehner, R. Bargou, V. Ellenrieder, P. Hillemanns, F. Lordick, A. Hochhaus, M. W. Beckmann, T. Pukrop, M. Trepel, L. Sundmacher, S. Wesselmann, G. Nettekoven, F. Kohlhuber, O. Heinze, J. Budczies, M. Werner, K. Nikolaou, A. J. Beer, G. Tabatabai, W. Weichert, U. Keilholz, M. Boerries, O. Kohlbacher, J. Duyster, R. Thimme, T. Seufferlein, P. Schirmacher, N. P. Malek

Article Oncology

Inflammation-Based Prognostic Scores in Pancreatic Cancer Patients-A Single-Center Analysis of 1294 Patients within the Last Decade

Christopher C. M. Neumann, Francois Schneider, Georg Hilfenhaus, Loredana Vecchione, Matthaeus Felsenstein, Jana Ihlow, Dominik Geisel, Steffen Sander, Johann Pratschke, Sebastian Stintzing, Ulrich Keilholz, Uwe Pelzer

Summary: Inflammation markers, including NRL, PLR, LMR, CAR, and the new combined score IBI, have been identified as independent prognostic markers for overall survival in pancreatic cancer patients. These findings highlight the importance of inflammation in pancreatic cancer, provide easily accessible prognostic values, and may aid in patient stratification for trials targeting inflammation or immune response.

Article Oncology

Health-related quality of life in patients with RAS wild- type metastatic colorectal cancer treated with fluorouracil and folinic acid with or without panitumumab as maintenance therapy: a prespecified secondary analysis of the PanaMa (AIO KRK 0212) trial

Alexej Ballhausen, Meinolf Karthaus, Stefan Fruehauf, Ullrich Graeven, Lothar Mueller, Alexander Otto Koenig, Ludwig Fischer von Weikersthal, Greta Sommerhaeuser, Annabel Helga Sophie Alig, Eray Goekkurt, Johanna Wanda Meyer-Knees, Annika Kurreck, Arndt Stahler, Swantje Held, Stefan Kasper, Kathrin Heinrich, Volker Heinemann, Sebastian Stintzing, Tanja Trarbach, Dominik Paul Modest

Summary: The addition of Panitumumab to fluorouracil and folinic acid maintenance therapy in patients with RAS wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer prolongs progression-free survival without negative impact on health-related quality of life.

Article Oncology

Impact of sex on the efficacy and safety of panitumumab plus fluorouracil and folinic acid versus fluorouracil and folinic acid alone as maintenance therapy in RAS WT metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Subgroup analysis of the PanaMa-study (AIO-KRK-0212)*

K. Heinrich, M. Karthaus, S. Fruehauf, U. Graeven, L. Mueller, A. O. Koenig, L. Fischer von Weikersthal, K. Caca, A. Kretzschmar, E. Goekkurt, S. Haas, A. H. S. Alig, A. Kurreck, A. Stahler, S. Held, G. Sommerhaeuser, V. Heinemann, S. Stintzing, T. Trarbach, D. P. Modest

Summary: PanaMa study conducted a sex-stratified analysis in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) and found that male patients showed a significant improvement in progression-free survival (PFS) after introducing Pmab in maintenance treatment compared to female patients, while female patients had a higher rate of adverse events.

Article Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging

Standard diametric versus volumetric early tumor shrinkage as a predictor of survival in metastatic colorectal cancer: subgroup findings of the randomized, open-label phase III trial FIRE-3/AIO KRK-0306

Felix O. Hofmann, Volker Heinemann, Melvin D'Anastasi, Alena B. Gesenhues, Nina Hesse, Ludwig Fischer von Weikersthal, Thomas Decker, Alexander Kiani, Markus Moehler, Florian Kaiser, Tobias Heintges, Christoph Kahl, Frank Kullmann, Werner Scheithauer, Hartmut Link, Dominik P. Modest, Sebastian Stintzing, Julian W. Holch

Summary: This study aimed to improve the predictive accuracy of early tumor shrinkage (ETS) by using semi-automated volumetry instead of standard diametric measurements. The results showed that continuous diametric and volumetric ETS similarly predicted survival, and a threshold of 45% for volumetric ETS and 20% for diametric ETS accurately identified short-term survivors.

Article Oncology

Genomic profiling of tissue and blood predicts survival outcomes in patients with resected pleural mesothelioma

Diego de Miguel-Perez, Edward M. Pickering, Umberto Malapelle, William Grier, Francesco Pepe, Pasquale Pisapia, Gianluca Russo, Joseph A. Pinto, Alessandro Russo, Giancarlo Troncone, Melissa J. Culligan, Katherine A. Scilla, Ranee Mehra, Pranshu Mohindra, Oscar Arrieta, Andres F. Cardona, Marzia Del Re, Ashutosh Sachdeva, Fred R. Hirsch, Andrea Wolf, Joseph S. Friedberg, Christian Rolfo

Summary: In this study, genetic alterations in resectable pleural mesothelioma tissues and blood samples were analyzed, and it was found that high tissue tumor mutational burden, tissue median minor allele frequency, blood tumor mutational burden, and specific mutations were correlated with outcomes in patients with resected PM. These findings suggest that molecular profiling could help identify longer survivors in patients with resected PM.

Article Oncology

Perioperative NALIRIFOX in patients with resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: The open-label, multicenter, phase II nITRO trial

Davide Melisi, Camilla Zecchetto, Valeria Merz, Giuseppe Malleo, Luca Landoni, Alberto Quinzii, Simona Casalino, Federica Fazzini, Marina Gaule, Camilla Pesoni, Luca Casetti, Alessandro Esposito, Giovanni Marchegiani, Cristiana Piazzola, Mirko D'Onofrio, Riccardo de Robertis, Armando Gabbrielli, Laura Bernardoni, Stefano F. Crino, Silvia Pietrobono, Claudio Luchini, Camillo Aliberti, Guido Martignoni, Stefano Milleri, Giovanni Butturini, Aldo Scarpa, Roberto Salvia, Claudio Bassi

Summary: This study evaluated the safety and activity of liposomal irinotecan in the perioperative treatment of resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (rPDAC) patients. The results showed that NALIRIFOX has manageable and active outcomes, and should be further investigated in randomized trials comparing it to standard upfront surgery followed by adjuvant therapy.

Article Oncology

Phase I LITESPARK-001 study of belzutifan for advanced solid tumors: Extended 41-month follow-up in the clear cell renal cell carcinoma cohort

Eric Jonasch, Todd M. Bauer, Kyriakos P. Papadopoulos, Elizabeth R. Plimack, Jaime R. Merchan, David F. Mcdermott, M. Dror Michaelson, Leonard J. Appleman, Ananya Roy, Rodolfo F. Perini, Yanfang Liu, Toni K. Choueiri

Summary: After a median follow-up of 41.2 months, belzutifan monotherapy demonstrated durable antitumor activity in patients with advanced ccRCC and acceptable safety.

Article Oncology

Impact of colorectal cancer screening on survival after metachronous metastasis

Patricia A. H. Hamers, Geraldine R. Vink, Marloes A. G. Elferink, Leon M. G. Moons, Cornelis J. A. Punt, Anne M. May, Miriam Koopman

Summary: Screen-detection of the primary tumor is associated with longer overall survival after metachronous metastasis.

Article Oncology

Sentinel-node biopsy in apparent early stage ovarian cancer: final results of a prospective multicentre study (SELLY)

Camilla Nero, Nicolo Bizzarri, Stefano Di Berardino, Francesca Sillano, Giuseppe Vizzielli, Francesco Cosentino, Virginia Vargiu, Pierandrea De Iaco, Anna Myriam Perrone, Enrico Vizza, Benito Chiofalo, Stefano Uccella, Fabio Ghezzi, Luigi Carlo Turco, Giacomo Corrado, Diana Giannarelli, Tina Pasciuto, Gian Franco Zannoni, Anna fa*gotti, Giovanni Scambia

Summary: This study evaluates the sensitivity and specificity of sentinel-lymph-node mapping compared to systematic lymphadenectomy in detecting lymph node metastasis in early stage ovarian cancer. The results show that sentinel-lymph-node mapping did not reach the expected sensitivity, but ultra-staging protocol improved the accuracy of diagnosis for patients.

Article Oncology

The features and management of acquired resistance to PD1-based therapy in metastatic melanoma

Adriana Hepner, Judith M. Versluis, Roslyn Wallace, Clara Allayous, Lauren Julia Brown, Claudia Trojanielloh, Camille Lea Gerardi, Yanina J. L. Jansenj, Prachi Bhave, Bart Neyns, Andrew Haydon, Olivier Michielin, Joanna Manganan Oliver Klein, Alexander N. Shoushtari, Allison Betof Warner, Paolo Antonio Ascierto, Jennifer Leigh McQuade, Matteo S. Carlino, Lisa Zimmer, Celeste Lebbe, Douglas B. Johnson, Shahneen Sandhu, Victoria Atkinson, Christian U. Blank, Serigne N. Lo, Georgina V. Long, Alexander M. Menzies

Summary: Acquired resistance to PD-1 therapy in melanoma is mainly oligometastatic, and patients may have a favorable survival outcome following salvage treatment.

Article Oncology

Major cardiovascular adverse events in older adults with early-stage triple-negative breast cancer treated with adjuvant taxane plus anthracycline versus taxane-based chemotherapy regimens: A SEER-medicare study

Savannah Roy, Stephanie Lakritz, Anna R. Schreiber, Elizabeth Molina Kuna, Cathy J. Bradley, Lavanya Kondapalli, Jennifer R. Diamond

Summary: This study evaluates major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in older women with TNBC treated with anthracycline and taxane-based chemotherapy (ATAX) compared to taxane-based chemotherapy (TAX). The results show that ATAX does not increase the risk of MACE and there is no difference in survival between patients who received TAX and ATAX.

Letter Oncology

Osimertinib-induced urticarial vasculitis in a patient with lung cancer: A rare cutaneous toxicity

Pei-Chun Weng, Yau-Li Huang, Chun-Yu Cheng

Article Oncology

Deep learning based histological classification of adnex tumors

Philipp Jansen, Jean Le 'Clerc Arrastia, Daniel Otero Baguer, Maximilian Schmidt, Jennifer Landsberg, Joerg Wenzel, Michael Emberger, Dirk Schadendorf, Eva Hadaschik, Peter Maass, Klaus Georg Griewank

Summary: This study highlights the enormous potential of artificial intelligence in pathology, showing that it can aid in the identification of rare cutaneous adnexal tumors and potentially become a standard tool in routine diagnostics.

Article Oncology

FOLFIRINOX chemotherapy modulates the peripheral immune landscape in pancreatic cancer: Implications for combination therapies and early response prediction

Casper W. F. van Eijck, Gaby Strijk, Eveline E. Vietscha, Fleur van der Sijde, Maaike Verheij, Dana A. M. Mustafa, Madelief Vinkc, Joachim G. J. V. Aerts, Casper H. J. van Eijck, Marcella Willemsen

Summary: The study reveals that FOLFIRINOX has immunomodulatory effects, suggesting its potential in immune-based combination therapies for pancreatic cancer. Additionally, certain plasma proteins hold promise as circulating predictive biomarkers for early prediction of FOLFIRINOX response in patients with pancreatic cancer.

Article Oncology

Immunotherapy response in microsatellite stable metastatic colorectal cancer is influenced by site of metastases

Marwan Fakih, Chongkai Wang, Jaideep Sandhu, Jian Ye, Colt Egelston, Xiaochen Li

Summary: This study explores the impact of metastatic sites on treatment outcomes for chemotherapy-refractory colorectal cancer patients. It found that patients with liver or peritoneal metastases had poor treatment outcomes, while those with lung-only metastases showed significant response. The presence of concurrent lymph node or other extrahepatic metastatic disease diminished treatment response in patients with lung metastases. Future checkpoint inhibitor trials should stratify patients based on metastatic locations.

Article Oncology

Peptide absent sequences emerging in human cancers

Georgios Christos Tsiatsianis, Candace S. Y. Chan, Ioannis Mouratidis, Nikol Chantzi, Anna Maria Tsiatsiani, Nelson S. Yee, Apostolos Zaravinos, Verena Kantere, Ilias Georgakopoulos-Soares

Summary: The study reveals that nullpeptides can serve as biomarkers for cancer detection and treatment, particularly in highly recurrent cancer patients. These nullpeptides primarily occur in highly expressed genes, particularly in specific loci of oncogenes and tumor suppressors. Recurrent nullpeptides are more likely to be found in neoantigens, which play a significant role in immunotherapy.